Pneumatic tool



Pofeixted June 9, 1925.

UNITED STATE ieee? .'eimemmg Teeth.

To all whom it muy coa/noem: f y

Be it known that I, Wiliam A. Seu'ri,

a. citizen of the United States oi Ame-rise,

residing at Detrois, in the county of Wayne 4und State of Miehi en, have iwented cer tain new and useful improvements in Phew matic Toole, of. which the 'eiowing ie e speceaion; reference being had therein to ehe ecc'ompenying drawings;

The invention relates to' pneumatic tools and morepertioulariy to the type in which the operating $001 is intermit'entiy rotated betweenfthe Keeiprcatione o the prision.

Thileobietslbf the invention are to nro i5 ducefefeimpleif' construction, one whie is easie: to menuactre und assemble e'ld one which ie meredureble under operating conl ditione. These objects are attained by e number of novel'ffeatures of construction among which ere,` first, the provision of e valve bushing inserted in the end of the valve chest and having e, ienged heed which `hes e :eut ewa portion interdocking with the flange en `t le mein cylinder head. The

bushing is port/ed to correspond with pas sage-Ways in the valve chest and by the nter-looking device the bushing is prevent 'ed from rotational displacement bereby im surfing accurate registration of the parte,

`Seconds the back head construction hes `iseen smplied in e manner which lends iteel Ato easy assembly byprovidiig ie with 1-e-t ceases for receiving the enges of the-oyiin der heed and valve bushing end also the ratchet mechanism' for rotating the piston., By' this const1uction, the 'buck heed sex-vee to i'etainthe cylinder heed andmhfe bushingV and at the sume-himeform e heusng for the ratchet meehenism.

Third,' the coupling for driving the rotary too holder from the pieton isjmimeiied ie a. bushing Within the' maine eyindei' easing thereby providin e rigid bearing in prim;-

oonstruetions it es been ehe usual reeiiee #i te place the Acoupling in the toe hoi er ses ing-,but this has e tendency under operating eeuditiene "ze ceuee mie-alignmem'; between e, me. mm1 wem,-

hereinafter eee foii eed. .by refere'eoe to the 554 aeeempeoying drewmge in. Wi'ehgyigux'e l ie e. Xiong n .imei seetion through my" iiiipyoved pneumei-m too eo the iime 1mi of Figure 3; f

Figmfe 2 Le e oiigimdieei 51e-chien ehem-:agb 00 the valve eheef'ote eige line 2W-e2 uit Figum 1 and iixe 52h-2m e-ie'wef;

Figure 3 is im en eeietion @if the back heedf'eiiowing ehe L'eeesees for ieeeiving the mthet mechanism, the veive buehieg 'and 65 the cylinder heed; i

, Figure 4r is e detailed View showing the interlocking e' tile valve bushing and oybv inder head in. end eievwien;

Figure 5 ie e eide eieveizion oi the seme; X0 Fi ure 6 is am eier/maine of' the bushing 'mmmgg the iomiiei fe tige eeumioiifeg seeve; Figure "e" e peiepeesive View ef the piimg sfieeve;

Figurer@ ie e deei view einem gagement off the eoupiing sleeved my todi beider; 'v

higuce 9 is me eed. eeveiioei s, he hooi )luider showing the @gagging e inthe eeme"' is a; @5dias-ier mem@ eoiieeixigg elle free fiyiugg pieten i?. Widen ie eeeti'eiied Peg! the mima 3 reoiproeebie 'WMI-in *me waive ehes 4. 'The egnder ie eieeed ily meme e cylindei heed 5 hee-' n@ enge ming en 85 "i im eem y wih the @vlinder A veiveeeehmgg eezfted in me 'enter emde ehe wie i and has eg the en 'm .d the 1ro- 'bueiing i@ ierme die @eee Medef the valve rocate?) and 'is previded with ee'eabe port valve bushing backjhead 13 is provided which is recessedfrom longitudinal displacement.

` istered with the passage-Ways in the valve chest the flange 9 is out awa to form a conca'vity' 10 which is adapte to receive the ange 6 of 'the cylinder head thereby forming an interlocking device preventing the rotation of the valve bushing.

For securing the cylinder head and the 8 to the cylinder casing a at 14 to receive the end of the valve bushing 8, which abuts against the annular shoulder 14a, and also recesse'd at l5 to receive, the cylinder head 5,. which abnts against the annular'shoulders 152 The back head has the ears 16 which are apertured to receive Ythe clamping rods 1 7 for scouring the back head to the cylinder casing and holding the valve bushing and cylinder head The back head has the enlargement 18 which contains a chamber 1S) for receiving a throttle valve 2O and the passage-Way 2l extends transversely of the chamber 19 registering with the inlet passage-way 22 in the .cylinder casing. The throttle valye is controlled by means of a handle 23 which is suitably secured to an extension 24 of the throttle val-ve which extends through the enlargement 18 of the .back head. 4

For intermittently rotating the piston there is provided the rifle bar 25 which extends through thecylinder head 5 and is provided at its outer end with a head 26 containing suitable ratchet means -for engaging with the ratchet ring 27 which is positioned in the recess 28 in the inner face of the back head. The rifle bar is provided with a bearing surface 29 which is journalled Within the bore 30 of the back head. The iston 2 contains an axial boref31 for allowing longitudinal movement of the piston relative to the rifle bar and is also provided vvith an internally splined bushing 32 for engaging the rifle bar 25. 'I hns in the reciprocation of the piston there isa relative rotary motion between the piston andthe rifle bar and by means of the ratchet mechanism thc rifle bar is hcld stationary during one Stroke of the piston lthereby causing the pistonv to rotate and during the opposite stroke thc piston is held' 'trom rotation While the'ril'le bar correspondingly revolves.' Y,

By placing the ratchet mechanism within a recess in the baol: head I-have provided a very simple construction which lends itself readily to the quick assembly and disassembly of the parts. The mechanism itself may be of any suitable type but'. as speeltically shown consists of the pawl`s133 which are pivoted in 'the head 26 and arez heldin ot the piston shank.

engagement with the ratchet teeth 34 by means of springs 35 which are inserted in the bores 36 in the member 26.

The piston 2 is provided with a shank 37 which 1s guided in a guide bushing 38 inserted in the forward end of the cylinder.

Th bushing has the flange 39 vin engagement with die end face 40 of the cylinder. The bushing is formed with the counterbore 41 which forms theannular shoulder 42 and Within the counter-bore is the internally A Splined sleeve 43 ywhich' is' journalled in the bushing and abnts against the shoulder 42. 'lhe shank 3T is also splined and engages with the sleeve 43 thereby transmitting anyrotational movement of the piston to the sleeve. For receiving the operating tool 44 there is the tool holder casing 45 which is sleeved npon the bushing 38 and is held in engagement with the flange 39 by means of the clamping rods 17 which extend through the ears 46 upon the Casin 45. The rods 17 are threaded at 47 and have a coil spring 48 sleeved thereon and held in cngagcment'Wit-h the ears 46 by means ol the Washers 49 and the nuts 50, Thus the end thrust of the pneumatic tool due to the free flying piston and the fluid pressure used for its'operation is resiliently taken up by means of the rods 17.' Within the casing 45 is the tool holder 51 which is adapted to receive and retain the tool 44 by suitable means, such as the slotsA 52 for engaging lugs 53 on the .tool 44. The tool` holder 51 is provided at its inner end with the clutch jaws 54- 8) which engage with corresponding clutch jaws 55.."upon the sleeve 43- and in this manner the rotational movement ol the sleeve is transmitted tothe tool.

In order to provide lubrication for .the splined sleeve 43, the innerv endv ofthebushA ing 38 vcontains a circumferential recess 56 m which lubricant may .be Introduced by removing theV plug 57 in the cylinder casing.; 'A passage .58 leadsfrom the recess.

to 'theinner.surface of'the bnshingforming 'the guide for the'pistonnshank 37 and the lubricant flows thronghjthe passage to the splines duringl the reciprofcation and rotation In the operation of my improvedpneumatic tool the piston is reciprocated in the cylinder by fluid pressure in the usual manner and the shank 37 im in es anfainst the El endl of the tool 44'-thereby operating the same. During the rearward stroke of the piston the pawls uponthe ratchet head engage with the teeth of the ratchet ring thereby holding the riflebar from rotation.

.The bushing 32 is, therefore, rotated' by the splines of the rifle bar and the motionis transmitted throu h the shank 37, the splined sleeve 43, t c tool holder 5'1 to. the tool 44. On the forward stroke of the plsemmene ton iL-lie pawls 28 of the ratchet mechanism ere free to ride over the teeth 34 and the ride bar is rotated reletive to the oaolr head tliueallowing lthe piston to advance Without sbantisl i'zarellelisrn therewith., of a eylinderheed li legged i'or shouldered engagement with seid cylinder, a valve hashing, a :flanged head oie seid bashing for shouldered engagement witllseid valve closet, end a back liead recessed to receive the .de-.ages of seid cylin der head ssd velve bushing andseeure the seme imm longitudinei displacement.

le e peienssive tool the combination Willi. e. eylinder and e valve chest disposed in parallel juxteposition, of a cylinder head engaging said cylinder and projecting tlierebeyond, e valve bushing for said valve @liest extending thereloeyond, land a liaeli head re eessed to receive the. projecting portions oi? said cylinder head end valve bushing and scouring; tlzesame from longitudinal displacement.

3. In `a permissive tool the comblnetion with e cylinder end e vulve chest, of a oylin der head provided with a flange for engage ing said cylinder, a velvelonsliing, said valve bushing' having a anved head for engaging said valve chest, tlie ange on said bushing being ont away to inter-look with the llange on said cylinder lie-ad to prevent rotation 'of said bushing,

et. ln e pereussive tool the combination with a cylinder., and e ported valve chest, of e cvlinder head having a 'flange engaging said oylinderQe valve bushing in one end ofsaid valve chest having ports therein regis tering with the ports in said valve chest, end e ianged head on said bushing for en gaging said valve chest, tliefilenge on said bushing being eut away to reeeive the flange on said cylinder head and form an interlock to prevent rotation of the bushing.

5. In a peroussive tool the combination with a cylinder, and a ported valve eliest, o'l

a cylinder head having e iange engaging said cylinder, a valve bushing in one end of said valve chest having ports therein registering with the ports in seid valve chest, a flanged head on said bushing for engaging said valve chest, the flange on said bushing" being' eut away to receive and interdock with the vflange on said cylinder liead,` and aback head recessed to receive said cylinder liead and said valve bushing, and means for clamping said liaolr heed to seid cylinder.

6. ln a permissive tool the combination with a cylinder and a ported valve chest of a cylinder head engaging said Cylinder and projecting therebeyond, valve bushing in said valve @liest having a port therein registering with a port in said valve chest, said with Aa cylinder easing,4| e

bosl'iinv having a portion 'projecting llre'yqnol said' chest, means looking said bnshing 1nI place to maintain said ports 1n registryy 'and e loaeleheed recessed to receive the progeotmg gestions of seid eylinder head andva'lve rushing and securing the placement.

7. in a permissive tool 'tlie same against f'dis combination holder secured thereto, l

shank.' 'for impinging ageinst the tool, and

means for rotating said piston, oa coupling sleeve engaging said' tool holder' and, in splined 'engagement 'with said shank, 'and a bushing Within`l said cylinder casing fornr ing a rigid bearing for seid.couplingsleeve. 8. le a permissive tool. the combination 'with e @vlinder casing," revolulole tool holder secured thereto, a. piston having e.

slianlr for impinging against the tool, and ineens for rotating said piston, of. busl1- ing Within said easing forming a guide for said shank, a sleeve in spli-ned engagement with said shank and jornalled inseid busli- 'ieg, and clutch Iteeth onsaid sleeve engaging with said tool holder for rotating the latter from the former.

9; ln e permissive tool the combination with a eylinder casing, a levoluble tool holder secured thereto, a piston having a slianls: for impinging against the tool, of a sleeve engaging said tool holder and in splined engagement with said shank, e busliv ing within said cylinder casing forming a .rigid bearing for said sleeve and a guidevvay for said' piston shank, said bushing hav ing a. oircumferential recess for receiving lubricant, and a passage from seid recess to the inner surface oi said bushing for lubricating the splines of said shank and sleeve,

on said sleeve engaging said tool holder, a

tool holder casing sleeved uponsaid bushing and abutting against said flange, and means for clamping seid tool holder casing to seid eylinder easing thereby positioning seid bushing and sleeve. t

11. in :i percussive tool the combination with a cylinder casing, e tool holder casing secured thereto, a rewlolilew tool li0lder,'a

piston having e 'shank for impingii1g` against the tool .and Ineens for rotating saidv piston, of e bushing within said casing form-- ier;

lng-a guide for said shank, a flange on said.l

bnsliin clampedbetwe'eneaid cylinder ca sand 'slid tool holder casin a ysleeve m iined ment withw-sai shank and vjmu'nallecl 'm 'seid bushingand clutch teeth I on ich sleeve en 'ng'sa'i'd tool holder for rota .the latter om 'the for-nier.

f a .prcnasiveftool 'the 'c"ombination with'l cylinder clsing,. a tool holder easing u a n voluble tool holder, -a

Ind means for rotating said pieton,

Y, a wthinsaid casing forming. a lguide fof sexdshnnk, a 4flange onsaid bush- IQ l `ving"a shank for impinging against l -ing'lcla'inped between `saidl cylinderv easingl and said tool *holder casing, ajsleve in 15 esplined en agement with said shank and -rotating the latter from the for-mer, said bushing having a' recess for .receiving lubri- 20 cant -and'a .passageF foi conductin said lun bricant to the inner surface cisai bushin for lubricating the engaging portions 0 said shank and' said sleeve. v 'In testimony whereof I alix my si ature. `WILLIAM A. S TH.,. 

